CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL FROM NUTMEG SHELL PYROLYSIS (Myristica fragrans houut) USING ACTIVATORS CaCl2 AND ZnCl2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59957/jctm.v61.i4.2026.4Keywords:
activated charcoal, nutmeg shell, activators, CaCl2, ZnCl2Abstract
A study was conducted on the characterization of activated carbon from pyrolyzed nutmeg shells (Myristica fragrans houut) using CaCl2 and ZnCl2 solution activators. This study aims to determine activated carbon’s surface morphology and composition from nutmeg shells activated with CaCl2 and ZnCl2 solutions. The research stages include pyrolysis, activation, and characterization. The results showed that the pyrolysis of 6 kg of nutmeg shells produced a charcoal yield of 3.2 kg, liquid smoke of 1.1 L, tar of 65 g, and non-condensed gas. The pore diameter data using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of activated carbon activated with CaCl2 and ZnCl2 solutions were 3.72 and 3.02 μm, respectively. In comparison, the pore diameter of nutmeg shell carbon before activation was 3.09 μm. The composition data of activated carbon activated with CaCl2 and ZnCl2 solutions using Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) showed the presence of Carbon, Oxygen, Aluminium, and Calcium elements, with the most significant composition being carbon at 58.36 % and 67.10 %. In comparison, nutmeg shell carbon before activation showed the presence of carbon of 64.39 %. The spectrum data of Fourier Transform-Infra Red analysis indicates that nutmeg shell carbon before activation and activated carbon activated with CaCl2 and ZnCl2 solutions show the presence of absorption areas of functional groups at relatively the exact wavenumber, namely O-H, aromatic C-H, aliphatic C-H, C=C, and C-O.
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